While this approach sounded great in theory, there was a catch: None of us had any prior experience with real-time operating systems or multithreading on bare-metal systems. We knew this wouldn’t be ...

The levels of vehicle autonomy The concept of autonomous vehicles has been around for decades, with initial tests conducted in the 1980s. These tests were relatively simple, getting a car to steer ...

PCBWay has established itself as a leader in the PCB industry, offering exceptional quality, rapid turnaround times, and outstanding customer service. In this article, we explore why PCBWay is the ...

Most C or C++ programmers are completely clear about the behavior of the ++ operator and the result of expressions that employ it. However, what if the ...

The mathematical formalism of Hopfield networks 1, which underpins modern AI, is fundamentally based on complex concepts from statistical mechanics. In this introductory article, we heuristically ...

Editor’s note: This first installment in a new series on mastering motor control sets the stage for subsequent articles, introducing the basics of motor control. Be sure to watch for the next ...

Furthermore, 5G will provide convergent network communication across multi-technologies networks, and open communication systems to cooperate with satellites, cellular networks, clouds, data centers, ...

One of the most important aspects to consider in hardware testing that involves radio frequency (RF) is choosing a configurable, calibrated, and reliable signal source. This article provides a ...

TSMC advances toward N2 mass production TSMC’s 2nm yields are now said to be far higher than the 60-70% indicated by TF International Securities analyst Ming-Chi Kuo in December, with mass production ...

Synchronization and Timing The alpha and omega of every real-time application are appropriate timing, synchronization, and deterministic system response. Special attention must be given to these ...

In addition, as the level of complexity and miniaturization of devices has increased, along with the increasingly stringent demands for accuracy, speed, and scalability, integrating AI into the PCB ...

Edge AI simplifies data processing Traditionally, AI has relied on the cloud to process large amounts of information, since complex models require significant computational resources that are often ...