Hypertrophic chondrocytes are deeply involved in the growth of mammalian bones. Researchers find that these cells transform ...

Normal, regulated growth of skeletal bones is a crucial part of the growth of mammals. This is a complex process involving the growth of cartilaginous ...

Osteoblasts derived from MSCs are cells required for bone formation. Oxidative phosphorylation produces a lot of ATP and other products including NAD+ and ROS. These factors play important roles in ...