Section 316(b) of the EPA Clean Water Act requires that the location, design, construction and capacity of cooling water intake structures reflect the best technology available for minimizing adverse ...

Figure 1. A closed-circuit cooler. Photos courtesy of Evapco. It’s a common question during the early design phase of large mechanical systems: Is open- or closed-loop cooling equipment better suited ...

This month’s B2B focuses on a new cooling tower to serve a pharmaceutical facility’s new process water system. This tower will be a closed-loop, evaporative condenser to operate 24/7/365. The pharma ...

For injection molding — as well as just about every plastic process — process cooling is very important for cycle time and part quality. Cooling sometimes seems like a last-horizon type of variable ...

Throughout the country, utilities have been closely monitoring the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Section 316(b) rule requirements and compliance timeline to determine how the regulation may ...

Scientists from the United Kingdom’s University of Nottingham and China’s Southwest Jiaotong University have developed a novel hydronic closed-loop PV cooling system for hot and arid regions. “We ...